UNKNOWN BUILDINGS OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE OF THE 1920s and 1930s IN ŚRÓDBORÓW
BARBARA CHMIELARSKA-ŁOŚ
EWA POPŁAWSKA-BUKAŁO
The buildings referred to in the articles are till now unknown structures of modern architecture dating back to the twenties and thirties of the 20th century, of which three were built based on the designs of famous Warsaw architects: Szymon Syrkus, Jerzy Gelbard and Roman Sigalin, and Lucjan Korngold and Jerzy Blum. The architects designed them for wealthy Warsaw intellectuals erecting houses in the suburbs of Warsaw, in Śródborw garden city, in the neighbourhood of Otwock. Taking advantage of the earlier popularity of this region as a summer resort and its climate, the plan to develop a garden city started to be executed at the beginning of the 1920s. This plan was not been fulfilled however many guest-houses and several villas were built on plots bought by doctors, financiers, lawyers and freelancers from Warsaw. These building referred to modernistic directions of architecture in the 1920s and 1930s, the forms of Bauhaus, “international style” and streamlining. Due to the second world war and the extermination of the Jewish community, which represented a decided percentage of citizens of this region, the time of prosperity was over and the houses fell into oblivion. These masterpieces, unknown in literature, are visible on contemporary photos and reproductions of original designs and plans. The authors of the article identify their creators, clients, time of erection, and addresses, and describe them base on archive and in-field research.
Key words: Architecture of the 1920s and 1930s, modernism, Śródborów, garden city, villas